Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high-velocity (HV) and low-velocity (LV) resistance training on gait kinematics and kinetics in patients with hip osteoarthritis. Design: This was a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Forty-six women with hip osteoarthritis were randomly allocated to the HV (n = 23) or LV (n = 23) training group. The participants underwent an 8-week home-based the HV or LV resistance-training program, involving the hip and knee muscles. Outcome measures included gait kinematics and kinetics using 3-dimensional analyses, muscle strength and power, the Harris Hip Score, and hip pain using the visual analog scale. Results: There was no significant difference in changes for any of the outcome measures between groups. After the training session, muscle power, walking speed, and cadence significantly increased only in the HV group, whereas stride length and the peak hip extension angle during gait significantly increased, and pain on the visual analog scale and the peak ankle dorsiflexion moment during gait significantly decreased only in the LV group. Muscle strength and Harris Hip Score significantly increased in both groups. Conclusions: The results of this study may indicate that the potential effect of resistance training on abnormal gait pattern depends on movement velocities during training. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Παρασκευή 14 Οκτωβρίου 2016
Reciprocal Causation Between Functional Independence and Mental Health 1 and 2 Years After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cross-Lagged Panel Structural Equation Model.
Objective: The research attempting to disentangle the directionality of relationships between mental health and functional outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is growing but has yielded equivocal findings or focused on isolated predictors or isolated outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to use cross-lagged panel and structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques to examine causality between comprehensive indices of mental health (depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction) and functional independence in a national sample of individuals with TBI over the first 2 years after injury. Design: Participants were 4,674 individuals with TBI from the TBI Model Systems Database. Results: The SEM, which yielded good fit indices, suggested that individuals with TBI with greater mental health problems at 1 and 2 years after injury had lower functional independence at those same time points. The standardized path loadings for mental health problems and for functional independence over time were large, suggesting a high degree of consistency in mental health and functional independence across 1 and 2 years. In terms of cross-lag, mental health at Time 1 did not exert a unique effect on functional independence at Time 2, but functional independence at Time 1 exerted a statistically significant but quite small unique effect on mental health at Time 2. Conclusions: This combination of results suggests that functional independence is only slightly more causal than mental health in the relationship between mental health and functional independence over the first 2 years post-TBI, and that instead, reciprocal causality is a more likely scenario. To Claim CME Credits: Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://ift.tt/1l80W45 CME Objectives: Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) understand the nature of the relationship between mental health problems and functional independence after traumatic brain injury; (2) learn about a novel methodological technique for examining the connections between variables over time; and (3) understand when ongoing support for individuals with traumatic brain injury is necessary. Level: Advanced Accreditation: The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this activity for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)(TM). Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Ultrasonographic Technique for Imaging and Injecting the Superior Cluneal Nerve.
No abstract available
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Disability Stages and Trouble Getting Needed Health Care Among Medicare Beneficiaries.
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether activity limitation stages were associated with patient-reported trouble getting needed health care among Medicare beneficiaries. Design: This was a population-based study (n = 35,912) of Medicare beneficiaries who participated in the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey for years 2001-2010. Beneficiaries were classified into an activity limitation stage from 0 (no limitation) to IV (complete) derived from self-reported or proxy-reported difficulty performing activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Beneficiaries reported whether they had trouble getting health care in the subsequent year. A multivariable logistic regression model examined the association between activity limitation stages and trouble getting needed care. Results: Compared with beneficiaries with no limitations (activities of daily living stage 0), the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for stage I (mild) to stage IV (complete) for trouble getting needed health care ranged from OR = 1.53 (95% CI, 1.32-1.76) to OR = 2.86 (95% CI, 1.97-4.14). High costs (31.7%), not having enough money (31.2%), and supplies/services not covered (24.2%) were the most common reasons for reporting trouble getting needed health care. Conclusion: Medicare beneficiaries at higher stages of activity limitations reported trouble getting needed health care, which was commonly attributed to financial barriers. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Genome-Wide Association Study and QTL Mapping Reveal Genomic Loci Associated with Fusarium Ear Rot Resistance in Tropical Maize Germplasm
Fusarium ear rot (FER) incited by Fusarium verticillioides is a major disease of maize that reduces grain quality globally. Host resistance is the most suitable strategy for managing the disease. We report the results of genome-wide association study (GWAS) to detect alleles associated with increased resistance to FER in a set of 818 tropical maize inbred lines evaluated in three environments. Association tests performed using 43,424 single-nucleotide polymorphic (SNPs) markers identified 45 SNPs and 15 haplotypes that were significantly associated with FER resistance. Each associated SNP locus had relatively small additive effects on disease resistance and accounted for 1% to 4% of trait variation. These SNPs and haplotypes were located within or adjacent to 38 candidate genes, 21 of which were candidate genes associated with plant tolerance to stresses, including disease resistance. Linkage mapping in four bi-parental populations to validate GWAS results identified 15 quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with F. verticillioides resistance. Integration of GWAS and QTL to the maize physical map showed eight co-located loci on Chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 9 and 10. QTL on chromosomes 2 and 9 are new. These results reveal that FER resistance is a complex trait that is conditioned by multiple genes with minor effects. The value of selection on identified markers for improving FER resistance is limited; rather, selection to combine small effect resistance alleles combined with genomic selection for polygenic background for both the target and general adaptation traits might be fruitful for increasing FER resistance in maize.
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Influence of training intensity on adaptations in acid/base transport proteins, muscle buffer capacity, and repeated-sprint ability in active men
This study measured the adaptive response to exercise training for each of the acid/base transport protein families, including providing isoform-specific evidence for the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)1/4 chaperone protein basigin and for the electrogenic sodium/bicarbonate cotransporter (NBCe)1. We investigated whether 4 weeks of work-matched, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), performed either just above the lactate threshold (HIIT20; n = 8), or close to peak aerobic power (HIIT90; n = 8), influenced adaptations in acid/base transport protein abundance, non-bicarbonate muscle buffer capacity (βmin vitro), and exercise capacity in active men. Training intensity did not discriminate between adaptations for most proteins measured, with abundance of MCT1, sodium/hydrogen exchanger (NHE)1, NBCe1, carbonic anhydrase (CA)II, and CAXIV increasing after 4 weeks, while there was little change in CAIII and CAIV abundance. βmin vitro also did not change. However, MCT4 protein content only increased for HIIT20 (effect size: 1.06, 90% confidence limits x/÷0.77), whereas basigin protein content only increased for HIIT90 (ES: 1.49, x/÷1.42). Repeated-sprint ability (5 x 6-s sprints; 24 s passive rest) improved similarly for both groups. Power at the lactate threshold only improved for HIIT20 (ES: 0.49; 90% CL ±0.38), while VO2peak did not change for either group. Detraining was characterized by the loss of adaptations for all of the proteins measured and for repeated-sprint ability 6 weeks after removing the stimulus of HIIT. In conclusion, 4 weeks of HIIT induced improvements in each of the acid/base transport protein families, but remarkably, a 40% difference in training intensity did not discriminate between most adaptations.
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Human skeletal muscle wasting in hypoxia: a matter of hypoxic dose?
Skeletal muscle wasting has been shown to be a mechanism by which humans are able to adapt to extreme altitude. Nonetheless, the literature is conflicting regarding the altitude or time point at which this phenomenon starts to occur. Using the metric recently suggested by Garvivan-Lewis et al. (8), we propose an hypoxic dose of 5000 km·h as the cut-off point above which hypoxia-induced muscle atrophy starts to develop. As such, we suggest that both elevation and hours of altitude exposure should be incorporated in future studies unraveling hypoxic regulation of muscle mass.
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Skeletal muscle and resistance exercise training; the role of protein synthesis in recovery and remodelling.
Exercise results in the rapid remodelling of skeletal muscle imparting a positive impact on human health. This process is underpinned by acute and chronic changes in both gene and protein synthesis. In this short review we provide a brief summary of our current understanding regarding how exercise influences these processes as well as the subsequent impact on muscle protein turnover and resultant shift in muscle phenotype. We explore concepts of ribosomal biogenesis and the potential role of increased translational capacity versus translational efficiency in contributing to muscular hypertrophy. We also examine whether high intensity sprinting-type exercise promotes changes in protein turnover that lead to hypertrophy or merely a change in mitochondrial content. Finally, we propose exciting, and novel areas for future study that will fill existing knowledge gaps in the fields of translational research, and exercise science.
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Similar mitochondrial signaling responses to a single bout of continuous or small-sided-games-based exercise in sedentary men.
Purpose: This study assessed the mitochondrial related signaling responses to a single bout of non-contact, modified football (touch rugby), played as small-sided games (SSG), or cycling (CYC) exercise in sedentary, obese, middle-aged men. Method: In a randomized, cross-over design, nine middle-aged, sedentary, obese men completed two, 40-min exercise conditions (CYC and SSG) separated by a 21-d recovery period. Heart rate (HR) and Ratings of Perceived Exertion were collected during each bout. Needle biopsy from the m. vastus lateralis were collected at rest, 30 and 240min post-exercise for analysis of protein content and phosphorylation (PGC-1α, SIRT1, p53, p53Ser15, AMPK, AMPKThr172, CAMKII, CAMKIIThr286, p38MAPK and p38MAPKThr180/Tyr182) and mRNA expression (PGC-1α, p53, NRF1, NRF2, Tfam and cytochrome-c). Results: A main effect of time effect for both conditions was evident for HR, RPE and blood lactate (P<0.05), with no condition by time interaction (P>0.05). Both conditions increased PGC1-α protein and mRNA expression at 240min (P<0.05). AMPKThr172 increased 30min post CYC (P<0.05), with no change in SSG (P>0.05). CYC increased p53 protein content at 240min to a greater extent than SSG (P<0.05). mRNA expression of NRF2 decreased in both conditions (P<0.05). No condition x time interactions were evident for mRNA expression of Tfam, NRF1, cytochrome-c and p53. Conclusions: The similar PGC-1α response between intensity-matched conditions suggests both conditions are of similar benefit for stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis. Differences between conditions regarding fluctuation in exercise intensity and type of muscle contraction may explain the increase of p53 and AMPK within CYC and not SSG (non-contact, modified football).
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Renal sympathetic denervation attenuates hypertension and vascular remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats
Sympathetic activity is enhanced in patients with essential or secondary hypertension, as well as in various hypertensive animal models. Therapeutic targeting of sympathetic activation is considered an effective antihypertensive strategy. We hypothesized that renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) attenuates hypertension and improves vascular remodeling and renal disease in the 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) rat model. Rats underwent 2K1C modeling or sham surgery; then, rats underwent RSD or sham 4 weeks later, thus resulting in four groups (normotensive-sham, normotensive-RSD, 2K1C-sham, and 2K1C-RSD). Norepinephrine was measured by ELISA. Echocardiography was used to assess heart function. Fibrosis and apoptosis were assessed by Masson and TUNEL staining. Changes in mean arterial blood pressure in response to hexamethonium and plasma NE levels were used to evaluate basal sympathetic nerve activity. The 2K1C modeling success rate was 86.8%. RSD reversed the elevated systolic blood pressure induced by 2K1C, but had no effect on body weight. Compared with 2K1C-sham rats, 2K1C-RSD rats showed lower left ventricular mass/body weight ratio, interventricular septal thickness in diastole, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness in systole, while fractional shortening and ejection fraction were higher. Right kidney apoptosis and left kidney hypertrophy were not changed by RSD. Arterial fibrosis was lower in 2K1C-RSD rats compared with 2K1C-sham rats. RSD reduced plasma norepinephrine and basal sympathetic activity in 2K1C-RSD rats compared with 2K1C-sham rats. These results suggest possible clinical efficacy of RSD for renovascular hypertension.
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Contribution of synchronized GABAergic neurons to dopaminergic neuron firing and bursting
In the ventral tegmental area (VTA), interactions between dopamine (DA) and -aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons are critical for regulating DA neuron activity and thus DA efflux. To provide a mechanistic explanation of how GABA neurons influence DA neuron firing, we developed a circuit model of the VTA. The model is based on feed-forward inhibition and recreates canonical features of the VTA neurons. Simulations revealed that -aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR) stimulation can differentially influence the firing pattern of the DA neuron, depending on the level of synchronization among GABA neurons. Asynchronous activity of GABA neurons provides a constant level of inhibition to the DA neuron and, when removed, produces a classical disinhibition burst. In contrast, when GABA neurons are synchronized by common synaptic input, their influence evokes additional spikes in the DA neuron, resulting in increased measures of firing and bursting. Distinct from previous mechanisms, the increases were not based on lowered firing rate of the GABA neurons or weaker hyperpolarization by the GABAR synaptic current. This phenomenon was induced by GABA-mediated hyperpolarization of the DA neuron that leads to decreases in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration, thus reducing the Ca2+-dependent potassium (K+) current. In this way, the GABA-mediated hyperpolarization replaces Ca2+-dependent K+ current; however, this inhibition is pulsatile, which allows the DA neuron to fire during the rhythmic pauses in inhibition. Our results emphasize the importance of inhibition in the VTA, which has been discussed in many studies, and suggest a novel mechanism whereby computations can occur locally.
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Functional versus effector-specific organization of the human posterior parietal cortex: revisited
It has been proposed that the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is characterized by an effector-specific organization. However, strikingly similar functional MRI (fMRI) activation patterns have been found in the PPC for hand and foot movements. Because the fMRI signal is related to average neuronal activity, similar activation levels may result either from effector-unspecific neurons or from intermingled subsets of effector-specific neurons within a voxel. We distinguished between these possibilities using fMRI repetition suppression (RS). Participants made delayed, goal-directed eye, hand, and foot movements to visual targets. In each trial, the instructed effector was identical or different to that of the previous trial. RS effects indicated an attenuation of the fMRI signal in repeat trials. The caudal PPC was active during the delay but did not show RS, suggesting that its planning activity was effector independent. Hand and foot-specific RS effects were evident in the anterior superior parietal lobule (SPL), extending to the premotor cortex, with limb overlap in the anterior SPL. Connectivity analysis suggested information flow between the caudal PPC to limb-specific anterior SPL regions and between the limb-unspecific anterior SPL toward limb-specific motor regions. These results underline that both function and effector specificity should be integrated into a concept of PPC action representation not only on a regional but also on a fine-grained, subvoxel level.
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Effect of phenytoin on sodium conductances in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons
The antiepileptic drug phenytoin (PHT) is thought to reduce the excitability of neural tissue by stabilizing sodium channels (NaV) in inactivated states. It has been suggested the fast-inactivated state (IF) is the main target, although slow inactivation (IS) has also been implicated. Other studies on local anesthetics with similar effects on sodium channels have implicated the NaV voltage sensor interactions. In this study, we reexamined the effect of PHT in both equilibrium and dynamic transitions between fast and slower forms of inactivation in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. The effects of PHT were observed on fast and slow inactivation processes, as well as on another identified "intermediate" inactivation process. The effect of enzymatic removal of IF was also studied, as well as effects on the residual persistent sodium current (INaP). A computational model based on a gating charge interaction was derived that reproduced a range of PHT effects on NaV equilibrium and state transitions. No effect of PHT on IF was observed; rather, PHT appeared to facilitate the occupancy of other closed states, either through enhancement of slow inactivation or through formation of analogous drug-bound states. The overall significance of these observations is that our data are inconsistent with the commonly held view that the archetypal NaV channel inhibitor PHT stabilizes fast inactivation states, and we demonstrate that conventional slow activation "IS" and the more recently identified intermediate-duration inactivation process "II" are the primary functional targets of PHT. In addition, we show that the traditional explanatory frameworks based on the "modulated receptor hypothesis" can be substituted by simple, physiologically plausible interactions with voltage sensors. Additionally, INaP was not preferentially inhibited compared with peak INa at short latencies (50 ms) by PHT.
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Eye tracking a self-moved target with complex hand-target dynamics
Previous work has shown that the ability to track with the eye a moving target is substantially improved when the target is self-moved by the subject's hand compared with when being externally moved. Here, we explored a situation in which the mapping between hand movement and target motion was perturbed by simulating an elastic relationship between the hand and target. Our objective was to determine whether the predictive mechanisms driving eye-hand coordination could be updated to accommodate this complex hand-target dynamics. To fully appreciate the behavioral effects of this perturbation, we compared eye tracking performance when self-moving a target with a rigid mapping (simple) and a spring mapping as well as when the subject tracked target trajectories that he/she had previously generated when using the rigid or spring mapping. Concerning the rigid mapping, our results confirmed that smooth pursuit was more accurate when the target was self-moved than externally moved. In contrast, with the spring mapping, eye tracking had initially similar low spatial accuracy (though shorter temporal lag) in the self versus externally moved conditions. However, within ~5 min of practice, smooth pursuit improved in the self-moved spring condition, up to a level similar to the self-moved rigid condition. Subsequently, when the mapping unexpectedly switched from spring to rigid, the eye initially followed the expected target trajectory and not the real one, thereby suggesting that subjects used an internal representation of the new hand-target dynamics. Overall, these results emphasize the stunning adaptability of smooth pursuit when self-maneuvering objects with complex dynamics.
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Responses of non-eye-movement central vestibular neurons to sinusoidal yaw rotation in compensated macaques after unilateral semicircular canal plugging
After vestibular labyrinth injury, behavioral measures of vestibular performance recover to variable degrees (vestibular compensation). Central neuronal responses after unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL), which eliminates both afferent resting activity and sensitivity to movement, have been well-studied. However, unilateral semicircular canal plugging (UCP), which attenuates angular-velocity detection while leaving afferent resting activity intact, has not been extensively studied. The current study reports response properties of yaw-sensitive non-eye-movement rhesus macaque vestibular neurons after compensation from UCP. The responses at a series of frequencies (0.1–2 Hz) and peak velocities (15–210°/s) were compared between neurons recorded before and at least 6 wk after UCP. The gain (sp/s/°/s) of central type I neurons (responding to ipsilateral yaw rotation) on the side of UCP was reduced relative to normal controls at 0.5 Hz, ±60°/s [0.48 ± 0.30 (SD) normal, 0.32 ± 0.15 ipsilesion; 0.44 ± 0.2 contralesion]. Type II neurons (responding to contralateral yaw rotation) after UCP have reduced gain (0.40 ± 0.27 normal, 0.35 ± 0.25 ipsilesion; 0.25 ± 0.18 contralesion). The difference between responses after UCP and after UL is primarily the distribution of type I and type II neurons in the vestibular nuclei (type I neurons comprise 66% in vestibular nuclei normally; 51% ipsilesion UCP; 59% contralesion UCP; 38% ipsilesion UL; 65% contralesion UL) and the magnitude of the responses of type II neurons ipsilateral to the lesion. These differences suggest that the need to compensate for unilateral loss of resting vestibular nerve activity after UL necessitates a different strategy for recovery of dynamic vestibular responses compared to after UCP.
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Genome-wide analysis and environmental response profiling of dirigent family genes in rice ( Oryza sativa )
Abstract
Dirigent (DIR) and DIR-like family genes were involved in lignification or in the response to pathogen infection and abiotic stress in plants. Little is known to us about how rice DIR genes respond to adverse conditions. In this study, we reported genome-wide analysis of 49 DIR or DIR-likes genes in rice. The 49 OsDIRs or OsDIR-likes were tandem arranged into ten clusters. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 49 rice DIR and DIR-like genes cluster into five distinct subfamilies, DIR-a and four DIR-like subfamilies (DIR-b/d, and DIR-g, DIR-c, DIR-e). Meta-analysis of microarray gene expression datas indicated that all the OsDIRs or OsDIR-likes were expressed almost at the same level but with different patterns: most OsDIRs or OsDIR-likes were expressed exclusively in stigma and ovary and were induced by IAA and BAP; several genes were induced by trans-zeatin (tZ) and DMSO; 23 OsDIRs or OsDIR-likes were responded to abiotic stress. Our analysis also showed that most of these genes could respond to abiotic stresses, which contained cis-regulatory elements. The present study will provide a useful reference for further functional analysis of the DIR genes in rice.
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An insight into the genotoxicity assessment studies in dipterans
Publication date: Available online 13 October 2016
Source:Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research
Author(s): Nidhi Mishra, Rashmi Srivastava, Uma Rani Agrawal, Raghav Ram Tewari
The dipterans have been widely utilized in genotoxicity assessment studies. Short life span, easy maintenance, production of large number of offspring in a single generation and the tissues with appropriate cell populations make these flies ideal for studies associated to developmental biology, diseases, genetics, genetic toxicology and stress biology in the group. Moreover, their cosmopolitan presence makes them suitable candidate for ecological bio-monitoring. An attempt has been made in the present review to reveal the significance of dipteran flies for assessing alterations in genetic content through various genotoxicity biomarkers and to summarize the gradual advancement in these studies. Recent studies on genotoxicity assays in dipterans have opened up a broader perspective for DNA repair related mechanistic studies, pre-screening of chemicals and environmental bio-monitoring. Studies in dipterans, other than Drosophila may be helpful in using them as an alternative model system for assessment of genotoxicity, especially at the gene level and further extension of these studies give a future insight to develop new strategies for maintaining environment friendly limits of the toxicants.
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γ-Tocotrienol prevents cell cycle arrest in aged human fibroblast cells through p16 INK4a pathway
Abstract
Human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) proliferation in culture has been used as a model of aging at the cellular level. Growth arrest is one of the most important mechanisms responsible for replicative senescence. Recent researches have been focusing on the function of vitamin E in modulating cellular signaling and gene expression. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of palm γ-tocotrienol (vitamin E) in modulating cellular aging through p16INK4a pathway in HDF cells. Primary culture of senescent HDFs was incubated with 70 μM of palm γ-tocotrienol for 24 hours. Silencing of p16INK4a was carried out by siRNA transfection. RNA was extracted from the different treatment groups and gene expression analysis was carried out by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Proteins that were regulated by p16INK4a were determined by western blot technique. The finding of this study showed that p16INK4a mRNA was overexpressed in senescent HDFs, and hypophosphorylated-pRb and cyclin D1 protein expressions were increased (p < 0.05). However, downregulation of p16INK4a and hypophosphorylated-pRb and cyclin D1 protein expressions (p < 0.05) by γ-tocotrienol led to modulation of the cell cycle regulation during cellular aging. In conclusion, senescent HDFs showed change in biological process specifically in cell cycle regulation with elevated expression of genes and proteins which may contribute to cell cycle arrest. Palm γ-tocotrienol may delay cellular senescence of HDFs by regulating cell cycle through downregulation of p16INK4a and hypophosphorylated-pRb and cyclin D1 protein expressions.
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Capnography for BLS: Getting Started with Capnography
This course is designed to introduce the benefits of capnography use and then review the physiology of respiration and the role of expired CO2 in the respiratory cycle. For more information, visit www.capnoacademy.com
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Obesity does not increase the risk of chronic low back pain when genetics is considered. a prospective study of Spanish adult twins.
Obesity is commonly investigated as a potential risk factor for LBP, however the current evidence remains unclear. Limitations in previous studies may explain the inconsistent results in the field such as use of a cross-sectional design, limitations in the measures used to assess obesity (e.g. body mass index - BMI) and poor adjustment for confounders (e.g. genetics and physical activity).
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Capnography for BLS: Getting Started with Capnography
This course is designed to introduce the benefits of capnography use and then review the physiology of respiration and the role of expired CO2 in the respiratory cycle. For more information, visit www.capnoacademy.com
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Md. fire, EMS dept. using app for bystander CPR
For every minute a victim of sudden cardiac arrest doesn't receive help, their chances of survival drop 7 percent.
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Known difficult airway in a patient with pheochromocytoma: a case report
The manipulation of an airway is always a critical moment in the anesthetic management of patients with pheochromocytoma due to the high incidence of undesirable hemodynamic events in relation with the stimulus represented by the laryngoscopy.A known difficult airway in which it is necessary to carry out an orotracheal intubation while preserving spontaneous ventilation subjects the patient to a stressful situation. The objective is to obtain an acceptable level of comfort and sedation avoiding respiratory depression (Anesthesiol Clin 2015;33:233-40).
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Discrepancy between electroencephalography and hemodynamics in a patient with Cockayne syndrome during general anesthesia
Cockayne syndrome is a kind of progeria with autosomal chromosome recessiveness described first by Cockayne in 1936. Patients with this syndrome were characterized by retarded growth, cerebral atrophy, and mental retardation. We experienced an anesthetic management of a patient with Cockayne syndrome, who underwent dental treatment twice. The primary concern was discrepancy between electroencephalography and hemodynamics. The values of bispectral index showed a sharp fall to 1 digit and suppression ratio more than 40, while hemodynamics was stable during induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane 8%.
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Fascia iliaca block vs intravenous fentanyl as an analgesic technique before positioning for spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery for femur fractures—a randomized trial
Pain arising from femur fractures is of severe nature. Surgery for fixation of femoral fractures may be done under spinal anesthesia. We conducted this study to compare the analgesic efficacy of fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and intravenous fentanyl (IVF) before positioning for spinal anesthesia.
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Intraoperative medications associated with hemodynamically significant anaphylaxis
To facilitate the identification of drugs and patient factors associated with hemodynamically significant anaphylaxis.
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Capnography for BLS: Getting Started with Capnography
This course is designed to introduce the benefits of capnography use and then review the physiology of respiration and the role of expired CO2 in the respiratory cycle. For more information, visit www.capnoacademy.com
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Capnography for BLS: Getting Started with Capnography
This course is designed to introduce the benefits of capnography use and then review the physiology of respiration and the role of expired CO2 in the respiratory cycle. For more information, visit www.capnoacademy.com
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Ala. paramedic, EMT honored for act of kindness
By Brad Harper
The Montgomery Advertiser
CHILTON COUNTY, Ala. — The police had cleared the scene. One family member was dead and another was being airlifted to a trauma center.
That left an elderly couple alone in their Chilton County house on that cold October night, steps away from the bloody aftermath of what emergency crews called "a violent event." But the husband was bedridden and the couple had no means or ability to leave.
The next morning, the couple called CARE Ambulance to thank them for sending workers to spend the night cleaning the house. There was just one problem. The company didn't send their workers to do that.
Paramedic Michelle Glass and EMT Mitchell Keener had gone out on their own to check on the couple late that night in 2015 and found what looked like a scene from a horror movie. So they spent their own money to buy cleaning supplies and rent a carpet cleaner, then spent the night scrubbing the house until all traces of the violence were gone.
When the company found out, Glass and Keener refused any sort of repayment.
"It was just the right thing to do," Keener said. "That's the way I was raised. I'm pretty sure that's the way she was raised from day one.
"Neither one of us wanted recognition for what we did."
On Wednesday, they got it anyway.
CARE parent company Falck sent a representative to Montgomery from their headquarters in Copenhagen, Denmark, to present Glass and Keener with the company's global Medal of Honor, its highest award for going above and beyond to serve the community.
The two partners had medals pinned to them as their families looked on.
"Their selfless act of kindness to a family in the midst of tragedy exemplifies the true meaning of duty," said an emotional Kevin Harralson, general manager of CARE. "They did not do it for praise, or thanks. They saw a need, fixed it, and then returned to their normal duties of serving the citizens of Chilton County, Alabama."
Glass and Keener were thankful but seemed uncomfortable with all the attention. They said they never even discussed whether to go to the couple's house that night, they just went.
"It just happened," Glass shrugged.
Copyright 2016 the Montgomery Advertiser
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Ala. paramedic, EMT honored for act of kindess
By Brad Harper
The Montgomery Advertiser
CHILTON COUNTY, Ala. — The police had cleared the scene. One family member was dead and another was being airlifted to a trauma center.
That left an elderly couple alone in their Chilton County house on that cold October night, steps away from the bloody aftermath of what emergency crews called "a violent event." But the husband was bedridden and the couple had no means or ability to leave.
The next morning, the couple called CARE Ambulance to thank them for sending workers to spend the night cleaning the house. There was just one problem. The company didn't send their workers to do that.
Paramedic Michelle Glass and EMT Mitchell Keener had gone out on their own to check on the couple late that night in 2015 and found what looked like a scene from a horror movie. So they spent their own money to buy cleaning supplies and rent a carpet cleaner, then spent the night scrubbing the house until all traces of the violence were gone.
When the company found out, Glass and Keener refused any sort of repayment.
"It was just the right thing to do," Keener said. "That's the way I was raised. I'm pretty sure that's the way she was raised from day one.
"Neither one of us wanted recognition for what we did."
On Wednesday, they got it anyway.
CARE parent company Falck sent a representative to Montgomery from their headquarters in Copenhagen, Denmark, to present Glass and Keener with the company's global Medal of Honor, its highest award for going above and beyond to serve the community.
The two partners had medals pinned to them as their families looked on.
"Their selfless act of kindness to a family in the midst of tragedy exemplifies the true meaning of duty," said an emotional Kevin Harralson, general manager of CARE. "They did not do it for praise, or thanks. They saw a need, fixed it, and then returned to their normal duties of serving the citizens of Chilton County, Alabama."
Glass and Keener were thankful but seemed uncomfortable with all the attention. They said they never even discussed whether to go to the couple's house that night, they just went.
"It just happened," Glass shrugged.
Copyright 2016 the Montgomery Advertiser
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Minn. dispatcher helps man save wife’s life
By EMS1 Staff
MINNEAPOLIS — A dispatcher was credited for helping save the life of a woman who went into sudden cardiac arrest last month.
Chris Jesmer called 911 after his wife, Jeanine, wouldn't wake up. "It was terrifying," Jesmer told CBS Minnesota.
Dispatcher Julia Weegman, who answered the call, instructed Jesmer to lay his wife on the floor to keep blood pumping through her heart.
"Put your hand on her forehead and then tilt her head back, OK?," Weegman told Jesmer. "I want you to push down firmly and you need to do it quickly, OK?"
Jesmer, under the dispatcher's guidance, continued chest compressions until paramedics arrived five minutes later.
"When we got there, she was what I would call dead with agonal breaths," paramedic Kelly Shingledecker-Larson said.
The Jesmer's met with Weegman in October to thank her for her help. Until then, Weegman did not know whether or not Jesmer had survived.
"That day when they contacted me, I'm like 'Now I know why I'm really here and why I'm doing this job,'" Weegman said.
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A functional centromere lacking CentO sequences in a newly formed ring chromosome in rice
Source:Journal of Genetics and Genomics
Author(s): Rui Yang, Yafei Li, Yan Su, Yi Shen, Ding Tang, Qiong Luo, Zhukuan Cheng
An awned rice (Oryza sativa) plant carrying a tiny extra chromosome was discovered among the progeny of a telotrisomic line 2n+4L·. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using chromosome specific BAC clones revealed that this extra chromosome was a ring chromosome derived from part of the long arm of chromosome 4. So the aneuploidy plant was accordingly named as 2n+4L ring. We did not detect any CentO FISH signals on the ring chromosome, and found only the centromeric probe Centromeric Retrotransposon of Rice (CRR) was co-localized with the centromere-specific histone CENH3 as revealed by sequential FISH after immunodetection. The extra ring chromosome exhibited a unique segregation pattern during meiosis, including no pairing between the ring chromosome and normal chromosome 4 during prophase I and pre-separation of sister chromatids at anaphase I.
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