C1q and TNF related protein 1 regulates expression of inflammatory genes in vascular smooth muscle cells

Abstract

Background

C1q and TNF related protein 1 (C1QTNF1) is known to be associated with coronary artery diseases. However, the molecular function of C1QTNF1 on the vascular smooth muscles remains to be investigated.

Objective

This study was therefore undertaken to investigate the effect of C1QTNF1 on gene expression of human smooth muscle cells and to reveal potential molecular mechanisms mediated by C1QTNF1.

Methods

Vascular smooth muscle cells were incubated with recombinant C1QTNF1 for 16 h, followed by determining any change in mRNA expressions by Affymetrix genechip. Gene ontology (GO), KEGG pathway, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network were analyzed in differentially expressed genes. In addition, validation of microarray data was performed using quantitative real-time PCR.

Results

The mRNA expressions of annotated 74 genes were significantly altered after incubation with recombinant C1QTNF1; 41 genes were up-regulated and 33 down-regulated. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes and KEGG pathways associated with inflammatory responses. In the PPI network analysis, IL-6, CCL2, and ICAM1 were identified as potential key genes with relatively high degree. The cluster analysis in the PPI network identified a significant module composed of upregulated genes, such as IL-6, CCL2, NFKBIA, SOD2, and ICAM1. The quantitative real-time PCR results of potential key genes were consistent with microarray data.

Conclusion

The results in the present study provide insights on the effects of C1QTNF1 on gene expression of smooth muscle cells. We believe our findings will help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms regarding the functions of C1QTNF1 on smooth muscle cells in inflammatory diseases.

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Prevalence and Associated Phenotypes of PLXNA1 Variants in Normosmic and Anosmic Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (IHH) can be divided into two major forms, normosmic IHH and Kallmann syndrome (KS). Genetic mutations are responsible for the majority of IHH. PLXNA1 has recently been implicated in the GnRH neuron migration and the etiology of KS. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated phenotypes of PLXNA1 variants in a large cohort of IHH patients. We screened the whole exome data of 215 IHH patients in a single center for causative PLXNA1 variants. Our studies revealed eight novel (p.Arg836His, p.Lys1451Arg, p.Val287Met, p.Val536Ile, p.Ser1850Arg, p.Ile1701Val, p.Arg319Trp, and p.Pro485Leu) and two previously described (p.Arg528Trp and p.Gly720Glu) heterozygous PLXNA1 variants in 9 affected individuals from 7 unrelated families. Only three of nine patients were anosmic (KS) while the remaining patients showed normal olfactory function (nIHH). Seven of nine patients (77.7%) harbored additional one or two variants in other nIHH/KS‐associated genes, including PROKR2, IGSF10, HS6ST1, SEMA3E, CCDC141, FGFR1, NRP1, POLR3A, and SRA1. Our findings indicate that PLXNA1 variants cause not only anosmic but also normosmic IHH with a relatively high prevalence (3.9%). Heterozygous missense PLXNA1 variants appear to be involved together with other IHH gene variants in bringing about the IHH disease phenotype.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Postoperative thoracic and low back pain following endovascular aortic repair associated with stenting location

Abstract

Background

We have noted that patients frequently complain of thoracic or low back pain after undergoing an endovascular aortic repair, which we speculated was caused by the indwelling stent.

Methods

We investigated the patients who underwent an elective thoracic or abdominal endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR or EVAR) and noted the location of stent, and postoperative pain. The incidence of either thoracic or low back pain at individual vertebra levels was determined, after which we fitted the sigmoidal function to the discrete data to obtain a cut-off line. The study patients were then divided into 2 groups using the cut-off line to compare the incidence of pain.

Results

We analyzed 96 patients (68 TEVAR, 28 EVAR). The incidence of thoracic pain was significantly higher in TEVAR as compared to EVAR (26.5% vs. 3.6%, P = 0.01), while that of low back pain was significantly higher in EVAR (35.7% vs. 16.2%, P = 0.04). With the cut-off line for thoracic pain set at the 12th thoracic vertebra, the incidence of thoracic pain was significantly higher in patients with the upper end of the stent above the cut-off as compared to at a lower point (26.5% vs. 3.6%, P = 0.01). As for low back pain, the cut-off line was set at the 9th thoracic vertebra, and the incidence of that pain was significantly higher in patients with the lower end of the stent below that line (30.9% vs. 0.0%, P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Thoracic and low back pain after an endovascular aortic repair procedure were associated with stenting site.

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Masseter muscle atrophy impairs bone quality of the mandibular condyle but not the alveolar process early after induction

Summary

Background

Masseter muscle function influences mandibular bone homeostasis. As previously reported, bone resorption markers increased in the mouse mandibular condyle two days after masseter paralysis induced with botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA), followed by local bone loss.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the bone quality of both the mandibular condyle and alveolar process in the mandible of adult mice during the early stage of a BoNTA‐induced masseter muscle atrophy, using a combined 3D histomorphometrics and shape analysis approach.

Methods

Adult BALB/c mice were divided into an untreated control group and an experimental group; the latter received one single BoNTA injection in the right masseter (BoNTA‐right) and saline in the left masseter (Saline‐left). 3D bone microstructural changes in the mandibular condyle and alveolar process were determined with high‐resolution microtomography. Additionally, landmark‐based geometric morphometrics was implemented to assess external shape changes.

Results

After 2 weeks, masseter mass was significantly reduced (p‐value < 0.001). When compared to Saline‐left and untreated condyles, BoNTA‐right condyles showed significant bone loss (p‐value < 0.001) and shape changes. No significant bone loss was observed in the alveolar processes of any of the groups (p‐value > 0.05).

Conclusion

Condyle bone quality deteriorates at an early stage of BoNTA‐induced masseter muscle atrophy, and before the alveolar process is affected. Since the observed bone microstructural changes resemble those in human temporomandibular joint degenerative disorders, the clinical safety of BoNTA intervention in the masticatory apparatus remains to be clarified.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Questionnaire results of user experiences with wearable exoskeletons and their preferences for sensory feedback

Wearable exoskeletons can be a powerful tool for the facilitation of ambulation of complete Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) subjects, which has several psychological and physical advantages. However, exoskeleton cont...

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Filtering and other methodological issues of auditory N100 gating studies

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): Timm Rosburg

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Widening the phenotypical spectrum of EGR2-related CMT: unusual phenotype for R409W mutation

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): Luca Leonardi, Matteo Garibaldi, Laura Fionda, Fiammetta Vanoli, Simona Loreti, Stefania Morino, Giovanni Antonini

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Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation: A Marker of Post-Operative Delirium?

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): Juliana R. Caldas, Ronney B. Panerai, Edson Bor-Seng-Shu, Graziela SR Ferreira, Ligia Camara, Passos RH, Marcelo de-Lima-Oliveira, Filomena RBG Galas, Juliano P. Almeida, Ricardo C. Nogueira, Natalia Mian, Fabio A. Gaiotto, Thompson G. Robinson, Ludhmila A. Hajjar

Abstract

Objective

We investigated the potential association of cerebral autoregulation (CA) with postoperative delirium (PD), a common complication of cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods

In patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with CPB, cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and blood pressure (BP) were continuously recorded during 5-minutes preoperatively (T1), after 24h (T2), and 7 days after procedure (T3). Prospective multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors of PD. Autoregulation index (ARI) was calculated from the CBFV response to a step change in BP derived by transfer function analysis.

Results

In 67 patients, mean age 64.3±9.5 years, CA was depressed at T2 as shown by values of ARI (3.9±1.7), compared to T1 (5.6±1.7) and T3 (5.5±1.8) (p<0.001). Impaired CA was found in 37 (55%) patients at T2 and in 7 patients (20%) at T3. Lower ARI at T1 and T2 were predictors of PD (p=0.003).

Conclusion

Dynamic CA was impaired after CABG surgery with CPB and was a significant independent risk factor of PD.

Significance

Assessment of CA before and after surgery could have considerable potential for early identification of patients at risk of PD, thus reducing poor outcomes and length of stay.

Clinical trials registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02143544, April 30, 2014).

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Correlating structure with visual function in patients with multiple sclerosis: where is this leading?

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): Ted Maddess, Christian J. Lueck

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Clinical utility of cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in predicting residual dizziness after benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): Kyung Hyun Oh, Kang Duk Suh, Yang Ho Lee, Sei Young Lee, Mun Young Chang, Seog-Kyun Mun

Abstract

Objectives

In the present study, the value of cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) as a predictive factor for residual dizziness after recovery of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was evaluated.

Methods

The present study included 65 patients who had BPPV and underwent cVEMP testing. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of residual dizziness after recovery of BPPV. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with residual dizziness using age, gender, affected semicircular canal, affected side, BPPV duration, and cVEMP parameters.

Results

In univariate analysis, cVEMP-modified interaural amplitude difference (IAD) ratio and p13 latency showed a relatively significant association (p<0.20) with residual dizziness. Based on multivariate analysis, increased cVEMP-modified interaural amplitude difference (IAD) ratio at the affected side (≥25%; p=0.018, OR 6.623) remained as an associated factor.

Conclusions

Increased cVEMP-modified IAD ratio at the affected side is associated with residual dizziness. BPPV patients with increased cVEMP-modified IAD ratio at the affected side are more likely to have residual dizziness after recovery of BPPV.

Significance

cVEMP testing could be used for the prediction of residual dizziness. An increased cVEMP-modified IAD ratio at the affected side may be used as a predictor of residual dizziness.

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Intense Bimanual Therapy in Childhood Hemiparesis: Translating Research Into Practice & Parent Reported Outcomes

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Todd Levy, Anne-Ashley Field, Deborah Humpl, Heather Atkinson

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Index to Authors of 2018 ACRM Annual Conference Late-Breaking Research Abstracts

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s):

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Summary of Controlled Interventional Studies from the Evidence-Based Review of Acquired Brain Injury

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Pavlina Faltynek, Brooke Benton, Amanda McIntyre, Robert Teasell

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Relation between TBI and PTSD: A Systematic Review

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Isaac Tourgeman, Juliana Millan, Alisha Weatherly-Kershaw

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Impact of Therapeutic Exercise Intensity on Effectiveness of Gross Motor Function in Cerebral Palsy

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Che-Wei Hsu

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Determining School Reintegration Needs of Acquired Brain Patients through a Novel Hospital School Simulation Tool

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Alana Moser, Christian M. Niedzwecki, Zach Wirt, Kimberly C. Davis, Amelie Bordelon

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Comparing the Stroke and Acquired Brain Injury Rehabilitation Intervention Research

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Robert Teasell, Jeffrey T.Y. Chow, Shannon Janzen, Joshua Wiener, Magdalena Mirkowski, Alice Mary Iliescu, Pavlina Faltynek

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Ankle-Foot Orthosis on Gait Efficiency in Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy: Review and Meta-Analysis

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Jean P. Betancourt, Prince Eleeh, Stacy Stark, Nitin Jain

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Writing Changes and Perceptions After Traumatic Brain Injury: “Oh, by the way, I can’t write”

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Karen Hux, Carly Dinnes

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Whole Body Vibration for Everyday Executive Function and Quality of Life in individuals with MS

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Pey-Shan Wen, Feng Yang

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Virtual Exercise Rehabilitation In-Home Therapy: A Randomized Study (VERITAS)

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Janet Prvu Bettger, Anang Chokshi, Cynthia L. Green, DaJuanicia Holmes, Richard Mather, Bryan Hoch, Arthur J. DeLeon, Frank Aluisio, Thorsten Seyler, Daniel del Gaizo, John Chiavetta, Laura Webb, Vincent Miller, Joseph M. Smith, Eric Peterson

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Using Smart Watch Sensing in At-Risk Populations (SARP) in a Sub-Acute Rehabilitation Center

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Zhuoer Xie, Ramin Ramezani, David Elashoff, Pamela Roberts, John Shen, Wenhao Zhang, Michelle Eslami, Arash Naeim

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Unlocking the Black Box of Outpatient Rehabilitation for Subacute Stroke

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Rachel Proffitt, Sara Benham, Pamela Roberts

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Understanding Health Management for Adults with Autism

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Jaclyn Schwartz

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Understanding Experiences with Insurance Denials for Prosthetic Devices and DME for Individuals with Limb Loss

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): George Gondo

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The Role of Personal Activities and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Predicting Falls Among Older Adults

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Lien Quach, Sarah Rycroft, Elizabeth Leritz, Jeffrey Burr, David Gagnon, Jonathan Bean

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The Influence of Chronic Neck Pain on Explicit Sequence Learning

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Michael Brown, Zhengxiong Li, Baicheng Chen, Wenyao Xu, Jeanne Langan

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The Impact of Residual Limb Shape on Dermatosis and Prosthetic Rehabilitation

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Michael Juszczak, Jeffrey Heckman, Jason Maikos, Leif Nelson, Jeffrey Cohen, Tamara Bushnik

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The Eyes as a Window to Understanding Abstract Reasoning in Parkinson's Disease

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Sanghee Moon, Melike Kahya, Kelly Lyons, Rajesh Pahwa, Abiodun Akinwuntan, Hannes Devos

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The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Vascular Function of People with Stroke by A Pseudo-Randomized-Controlled-Trial

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Volume 99, Issue 12

Author(s): Akira Kimura

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Resting gamma power during the postnatal critical period for GABAergic system development is modulated by infant diet and sex

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: International Journal of Psychophysiology

Author(s): R.T. Pivik, Aline Andres, Kevin B. Tennal, Yuyuan Gu, Heather Downs, Betty J. Bellando, Kelly Jarratt, Mario A. Cleves, Thomas M. Badger

Abstract

Gamma band activity (30–50 Hz) plays an essential role in brain development and function, but neither the early postnatal development nor subject and environmental factors influencing this development have been reported. We documented the development of resting gamma power using high density EEG recordings obtained each month from postnatal month 2 to 6 in 518 healthy infants who were breast-fed (170; 85 boys), fed milk formula (186; 97 boys), or fed soy formula (162; 90 boys). Gamma power was determined for 44 sites distributed over major brain regions and analyses were adjusted for background variables relevant to neurodevelopment. The results show gamma power follows a gradually increasing function across this time period that varies in topographic magnitude and is differentially influenced by subject and environmental variables—among which gestation, head circumference, and infant diet-sex interactions figure most prominently. Relationships between gamma power and standardized measures of infant behavioral development appear to be emerging but are in flux during this time. Since this postnatal period is considered critical in the development of the GABAergic system underlying the generation of gamma activity, the observed findings may reflect organizational changes that will influence the future development of gamma-related behavioral and neurocognitive functions.

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Response to critique of article "Calibration of Safecast dose rate measurements"

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

Author(s): Guido Cervone, Carolynne Hultquist

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Comments regarding “Calibration of Safecast dose rate measurements” by Cervone and Hultquist

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

Author(s): Azby Brown, Joe Moross, Pieter Franken, Sean Bonner

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Editorial Board

Publication date: December 2018

Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms, Volume 1861, Issue 12

Author(s):

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Comment on “Drinking Strategies: Planned Drinking Versus Drinking to Thirst”

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Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: Are the Principles Applicable to Adult and Geriatric Acute Care and Trauma Surgery?

Publication date: Available online 22 November 2018

Source: Anesthesiology Clinics

Author(s): Mandeep Singh, Reza Askari, Matthias Stopfkuchen-Evans

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Behavioural and physiological responses to low- and high-intensity locomotion in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Abstract

We explored stroke behaviour, energy sources, and their related metabolic enzymes during multi-intensity swimming and tail-flipping at low- and high-intensity modes in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis. In swimming, shrimp were encouraged to swim at velocities of 3, 6, 9 cm s⁻¹ for 200 min (low-intensity), and at 12, 15, 18 cm s⁻¹ until fatigue (high-intensity). In tail-flipping, shrimp were encouraged to tail-flip by tapping cephalothorax at frequencies of 0.020, 0.040, 0.063 Hz (one tap every 50, 25, 16 s) for 5 min (low-intensity), and at 0.083, 0,100, 0.125 Hz (one tap every 12, 10, 8 s) until no response (high-intensity). Results showed that shrimp increased stroke rates of pleopods and uropods to elevate swimming and tail-flipping ability. For low-intensity locomotion, glycogen was burned in aerobic pathway due to low pleopods beat frequency in swimming; however, glycogen was anaerobically burned due to high uropods beat amplitude in tail-flipping. Anaerobic metabolism occurred in high-intensity locomotion in either swimming or tail-flipping. Critical contents of muscle lactate causing locomotion fatigue might be around threefold of rest condition. Shrimp reduced locomotive time to avoid glycogen exhaustion and lactate accumulation during high-intensity locomotion. These findings highlight our understanding of physiological mechanisms of locomotion activities in shrimp.

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