Osteonecrosis of the jaws: a review and update in etiology and treatment

Publication date: Available online 24 June 2017
Source:Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Author(s): Guilherme H. Ribeiro, Emanuely S. Chrun, Kamile L. Dutra, Filipe I. Daniel, Liliane J. Grando
IntroductionOsteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) can result either from radiation, used in radiotherapy (RT) for treatment of malignant tumors, or medications used for bone remodeling and anti-angiogenesis such as bisphosphonates (BPs). These conditions can be associated with triggering factors such as infection, trauma and decreased vascularity. The management of patients with ONJ requires caution since there is no specific treatment that acts isolated and decidedly. However, different treatment modalities can be employed in an associated manner to control and stabilize lesions.ObjectiveTo review the current knowledge on etiology and management of ONJ, both radio-induced and medication-related, aiming to improve knowledge of professionals seeking to improve the quality of life of their patients.MethodsLiterature review in PubMed as well as manual search for relevant publications in reference list of selected articles. Articles in English ranging from 1983 to 2017, which assessed ONJ as main objective, were selected and analyzed.ResultsInfections, traumas and decreased vascularity have a triggering role for ONJ. Prophylactic and/or stabilizing measures can be employed in association with therapeutic modalities to properly manage ONJ patients.ConclusionSelecting an appropriate therapy for ONJ management based on current literature is a rational decision that can help lead to a proper treatment plan.



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