Visual Cortex Hyperexcitability Contributes to The Pathophysiology of the Photoparoxysmal Response

Over recent years, a number of authors have increasingly explored the possible physiological basis of the photoparoxysmal response (PPR) in humans. A PPR consists of a specific electroencephalographic (EEG) signature, such as spikes, spike-waves and intermittent slow waves recorded from occipito-frontal regions in response to intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) (Fisher et al., 2005). Although PPR may be present in asymptomatic healthy subjects as an isolated EEG response, more commonly the PPR elicits focal or generalized myoclonus leading to isolated or recurrent seizures in specific epileptic syndromes (Rubboli et al., 1999; Koepp et al., 2016).

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