Remodeling of cortical activity for motor control following upper limb loss

Reorganization of neural networks has been evaluated in various clinical populations; however, less is known about neuroplasticity in upper extremity amputees. Upper extremity amputees have shown sensory reorganization (Cohen et al., 1991; Borsook et al., 1998; Chen et al., 1998), which tends to relate strongly to phantom sensations (Karl et al., 2001). While it is commonly thought that motor representations of the missing hand are occupied by the residual limb and lateral motor homunculus (Pascual-Leone et al., 1996), recent evidence suggests that the lateral shift may not always occur (Gagne et al., 2011).

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