Acute Effects of Exercise Intensity on Insulin Sensitivity under Energy Balance

Exercise is known to improve insulin sensitivity (SI), however studies to date have been confounded by negative energy deficits following exercise. Purpose The primary objective of this study was to assess the effect of 8-16 weeks of aerobic exercise training on the SI of untrained women under rigorously controlled energy balanced conditions. The secondary objective was to determine if one acute bout of moderate (MIC)- or high (HII)-intensity exercise further affected SI. Methods SI was assessed in 28 untrained women at baseline, following 8-16-weeks of training with no-exercise prior to assessment (NE), 22hrs after MIC (50% VO2peak), and 22hrs after HII (84% VO2peak) using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Participants were in a whole-room indirect calorimeter during each condition and food intake was adjusted to ensure energy balance across 23 hours prior to each clamp. Results There were no significant differences in acute energy balance between each condition. Results indicated a significant main effect of time, such that SI was higher during the HII condition compared to both baseline and NE (P

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