Spatial spread of local field potential is band-pass in the primary visual cortex

Local Field Potential (LFP) is a valuable tool in understanding brain function and in brain-machine-interfacing applications. However, there is no consensus on the spatial extent of cortex that contributes to the LFP (its "spatial spread"), with different studies reporting values between a few hundred micrometers and several millimeters. Further, the dependency of the spatial spread on frequency, which could reflect properties of the network architecture and extracellular medium, is not well studied, with theory and models predicting either "all-pass" (frequency independent) or "low-pass" behavior. Surprisingly, we found the LFP spread to be "band-pass" in primate primary visual cortex, with greatest spread in the high-gamma range (60-150 Hz). This was accompanied by an increase in phase coherency across neighboring sites in the same frequency range, consistent with the findings of a recent model that reconciles previous studies by suggesting that spatial spread depends on neuronal correlations.

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