Scalp-recorded high-frequency oscillations in atypical benign partial epilepsy

High-frequency oscillations (HFOs, ripples: 80–250 Hz, fast ripples: 250–500 Hz) in electroencephalography (EEG) have been associated with epileptogenesis (Melani et al., 2013) and ictogenesis (Staba et al., 2007; Urrestarazu et al., 2007). It has been established that HFOs are more specific in identifying seizure onset zone than traditional spikes (Jacobs et al., 2008), and removal of HFO generating tissue correlates with a favorable postsurgical seizure outcome (Haegelen et al., 2013; Jacobs et al., 2008; Staba et al., 2002; Urrestarazu et al., 2007).

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