Lumbar muscle cross-sectional areas do not predict clinical outcomes in adults with spinal stenosis: a longitudinal study

Minimal longitudinal data exist regarding the role of lumbar musculature in predicting back pain and function. In cross sectional study designs, there is often atrophy of the segmental multifidus muscle in subjects with low back pain compared with matched controls. However, the cross sectional design of these studies prevents drawing conclusions regarding whether lumbar muscle characteristics predict or modify future back pain or function.

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