Mitochondrial DNA and TLR9 Signaling Is Not Involved in Mechanical Ventilation-Induced Inflammation.

Exogenous administration of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) causes inflammatory lung injury in a toll-like receptor (TLR) 9-dependent manner. We investigated whether mechanical ventilation results in endogenous release of mtDNA and whether TLR9 plays a role in the pulmonary inflammatory response induced by mechanical ventilation. Wild-type and TLR9-/- C57bl/6 mice were ventilated with low (8 mL/kg) and high (32 mL/kg) tidal volumes for 4 hours. Levels of nuclear DNA and mtDNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as pulmonary concentrations of keratinocyte-derived chemokine, interleukin-1[beta], and interleukin-6, were determined. Cytokine and nuclear DNA, but not mtDNA, levels were increased after mechanical ventilation with both tidal volumes. Cytokine concentrations were similar between wild-type and TLR9-/- mice. Mechanical ventilation does not result in the release of mtDNA, and TLR9 is not involved in mechanical ventilation-induced inflammation. (C) 2016 International Anesthesia Research Society

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