Standard EEG in diagnostic process of prolonged disorders of consciousness

After a comatose state, severely brain-injured patients might remain in a vegetative state (VS; Multi-Society Task Force on PVS, 1994), and eventually evolve in a minimally conscious state (MCS; Giacino et al., 2002). On the basis of the complexity of patients' behaviours, a sub categorization of MCS patients into "MCS minus" (MCS-) and "MCS plus" (MCS+) has been recently proposed (Bruno et al., 2011). The distinction among the above diagnostic groups can be very difficult, because of fluctuations of clinical conditions and presence of severe sensori-motor deficits (Majerus et al., 2005).

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