Resistance Exercise Impacts Lean Muscle Mass in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) on lean muscle mass (LMM) in women with or without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its effects on metabolic factors and concentrations of related steroid hormones. Design: This was a nonrandomized, therapeutic, open, single-arm study. Participants: All in all, 45 sedentary women with PCOS and 52 without (non-PCOS), 18–37 yr of age, with body mass indexes (BMI) of 18–39.9 kg·m−2 of all races and social status, performed PRT three times a week for 4 months. Before and after PRT, the concentrations of hormones and metabolic factors and waist circumference were measured. LMM and total body fat percentage were determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Clinical characteristics, LMM, and fasting glucose were adjusted for confounding covariables and compared using general linear mixed models. Each patient's menstrual history was taken before study enrollment and after PRT. Results: PRT resulted in reduced plasma testosterone and fasting glucose levels. After PRT, the androstenedione concentration increased and the sex hormone-binding globulin concentration decreased in women with PCOS. The waist circumference was reduced (P

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